PCOD and PCOS - Symptoms, Causes, Treatment & Differences

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and polycystic ovary disease (PCOD) are two distinct conditions that affect women's reproductive health. While the two terms are sometimes used interchangeably, they are not the same thing. In this blog, we will explore the symptoms, causes, treatment, and differences between PCOD and PCOS.

PCOD and PCOS: What are they?

PCOD is a hormonal disorder that affects women of reproductive age. It is characterized by the presence of small cysts on the ovaries that can interfere with normal ovulation. PCOS, on the other hand, is a more complex condition that involves multiple factors, including hormonal imbalances, insulin resistance, and inflammation. Women with PCOS may also have cysts on their ovaries, but this is not always the case.

Symptoms of PCOD and PCOS

Both PCOD and PCOS can cause a range of symptoms, some of which overlap. These include:

• Irregular periods or no periods at all
• Excessive hair growth (hirsutism)
• Acne and oily skin
• Weight gain and difficulty losing weight
• Mood swings and depression
• Infertility

Women with PCOS may also experience other symptoms, such as thinning hair on the scalp, dark patches on the skin, and sleep apnea.

Causes of PCOD and PCOS

The exact causes of PCOD and PCOS are not fully understood, but they are thought to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors. In PCOD, insulin resistance and high levels of androgens (male hormones) are believed to play a role. PCOS is also associated with insulin resistance and high androgen levels, as well as chronic low-grade inflammation.

Diagnosis and Treatment

Both PCOD and PCOS can be diagnosed through a combination of physical exams, medical history, and lab tests. Your doctor may perform blood tests to check hormone levels, ultrasound to check for cysts on the ovaries, and a glucose tolerance test to check for insulin resistance.

Treatment for PCOD and PCOS typically involves a combination of lifestyle changes and medication. For PCOD, lifestyle changes such as losing weight, exercising regularly, and eating a healthy diet can help manage symptoms. Medications such as metformin and clomiphene may also be prescribed to regulate ovulation.

For PCOS, lifestyle changes are also important, but medications such as oral contraceptives, anti-androgen medications, and metformin may be used to manage symptoms. Women with PCOS who are trying to conceive may also benefit from fertility treatments such as in vitro fertilization (IVF).

Differences between PCOD and PCOS

While PCOD and PCOS share some common symptoms, there are some key differences between the two conditions. PCOD is primarily a hormonal disorder that affects the ovaries, whereas PCOS is a more complex condition that can involve multiple systems in the body. PCOD is also more likely to cause irregular periods, while PCOS is more likely to cause no periods at all. Finally, women with PCOD may have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes, whereas women with PCOS may be more prone to metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease.

In conclusion, PCOD and PCOS are two distinct conditions that can have significant effects on a woman's reproductive and overall health. If you are experiencing symptoms of either condition, it's important to talk to your healthcare provider for proper diagnosis and treatment. With proper care and management, women with PCOD and PCOS can lead healthy, fulfilling lives.